Electric car-heater.



No. 742,310. PATENTED OCT. 27, 1903.

E. E. GOLD.

ELECTRIC OAR HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2B. 1903.

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PATENTBD 001". 27, 1903.

E. E. GOLD.

ELECTRIC GAR HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 26. 1903.

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WITNESSES:

UNITED STATES Patented October 27, 1903.

PATENT Quince.

ELECTRIC CAR-HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 742,310, dated 0ctober27, 1903.

Application filed February 26, 1903- Serial No. 5,168- (NO 01161) 1'0aZZ whom it Wl/a/Z/ concern:

Beit known that I, EDWARD E. GOLD, a citizen of theUnited States,residing in the borough of Manhattan, city, county, and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and usefullmprovements inElectric'Oar-Heaters, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to electric heaters for use in connection withthe seats of cars.

It, is common to mount electric heaters under car-seats, the heatersbeing most commonly inclosed in a hood or casing which sets into 'anopening in a riser-board or panelboard beneath the seat. Sometimes theheater has an open-work casing and is suspended beneath the seat. Ineither case the seat extends forward considerably beyond the riser-boardor the front of the suspended heater to provide a comfortable space forthe feet of passengers partly under the seat. With cars of suchconstructions the heat on rising from the heater circulates beneath aconsiderable portion of the seat and heats the latter undesirablyinstead of circulating properly into the car. My invention aims toovercome this objection, which I attain by combining with the heater andseat a guard or deflector consisting of a plate or sheet of suitablematerial arranged above the heater to receive the heated air from it andcurved or inclined, so as to direct this heated air outwardly beyond thefront of the seat. Preferably the deflector is a metal plate which isfastened at its lower edge over the heater and curves upwardly andforwardly, being fastened at its upper and front edge beneath the frontof the seat.

It is common in equipping cars with electric heaters to place the latterat intervals with wide intervening spaces. In a seat of the usual lengththere will be, for example, five or six of these heaters to the lengthof the seat, the spaces between the heaters being usually from one tothree feet wide. It results from this arrangement that the passengerswho are seated directly over the heaters are apt to receive too muchheat, while those seated over the intervening spaces receive practicallynone.

One object of my invention is to equalize the heat, so that it shall bedistributed with substantial uniformity to all the passengers seatedupon the same seat. To this end I make the guard or deflectorcontinuous, or practically so, over the entire series of heaters of oneseat, so that it not only prevents the heated air working up beneath theseat and directs the heated air outwardly, but also causes the air fromthe respective heaters to flow beyond the ends of the heaters, so as topractically distribute the heated air over the intervening spaces.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of the seatand heaters on a small scale. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of theseat, showing one of the heaters and deflector. Fig. 3 is a fragmentaryfront elevation corresponding to a part of Fig. 1 on a larger scale.Fig. lis a front elevation similar to Fig. 3, showing a modification.Fig. 5 is a section corresponding to Fig. 2 and showing a furthermodification. Fig. 6 is a front elevation thereof.

In the drawings, A is the seat; B, the back thereof; 0, the riser-boardor panel-board beneath the seat. D D are electric heaters of anysuitable sort, only the usual casing inclosing the heating elementsbeing shown, and E is the deflector. The seat overhangs the riser-boardby a considerable amount, as shown, to provide room under the seat forthe feet of sitting passengers, so as to avoidinterfering with personsstanding or walkingin the aisle. As seen in Fig. 1, the heaters arearranged discontinuously, with spaces F F between them. The deflector Eis preferably continuous over the entire length of the seat, so as tobridge the several heaters and their intervening spaces. The deflectoris a curved plate, of metal or other suitable material, fastened,preferably, at its lower margin to the front of the riser-board O and atits upper edge to the under side of the front piece a of the seat, asclearly shown in Fig. 2. The hot air ascending from the heaters iscaught by the deflector and is directed outwardly, as shown by thearrows in Fig. 2, beyond the front of the seat. At the same time thisair instead of rising directly upward from each heater, beingintercepted by the deflector, is spread horizontally, so that it to agreat extent covers over the intervening spaces F F, as shown by thearrows in Fig. 1. This effect is most marked when the car is filled withpassengers whose limbs or garments form an intercepter at the front ofthe seat, preventing to a great extent the direct outward escape of theair and retarding it long enough to compel it to circulate into theintervening spaces.

In the case of heaters other than panelheaters, such as are commonlysuspended beneath the ear-seat, I employ a different form of deflector,the shape of which in cross-section is clearly shown in Fig. 5. Here theobjectionable exposure of the seat to direct heat is greater and theoverhang beyond the heater substantially the same as in Fig. 2, and thedeflector E is a much wider sheet, which is fastened at its lower edgeto a strip 1) or any suitable support and at its upper edge in anysuitable manner to the front rail a, as clearly shown. D is the heater.

My invention may be otherwise modified without departing from itsessential features. For example, the deflector E may be otherwise shapedor supported. It is not essential that the deflector be made continuous,as a separate deflector may be used for each heater. In. such case theseparate deflectors may be of the same length as the heaters, as shownin Fig. 4, where E represents the deflectors and D the heaters.

In such construction the deflectors do not so eilectively distribute theheated air between the heaters as in the construction first described;but nevertheless they prevent in great measure the overheating of theseat and materially contribute to the desired distribution of the heatedair.

WVhat I claim is- 1. A car-seat having a succession of electric heatersbeneath it, combined with a substantially continuous deflector overlyingthe heaters and adapted to receive the ascending heated air and directit outwardly and laterally.

2. A car-seat having a riser-board beneath it, a succession ofpanel-heaters set in said riser-board and spaced apart, and asubstantially continuous deflector consisting of a plate attached at itslower edge to the riser board above said heaters, curving upwardly andforwardly, and attached at its upper and front edge beneath the front ofthe seat.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

EDWARD E. GOLD.

Witnesses:

THOMAS F. WALLAcE, FRED WHITE.

